![]() I also find them really satisfying to look at and work with - I think they can be very artistic. Most representations of source code are some form of tree, without cycles, so for many people it’s a new way of looking at and thinking about their code. Graal’s IR is particularly interesting because it’s a cyclic graph - this means that if you follow the edges you can go in circles. We have to use special tools to do this - for example the Ideal Graph Visualizer, or IGV, from Oracle Labs, or Shopify’s internal Seafoam tool, which we’re using here. The compiler transforms and optimizes your code by manipulating this data structure, so you can get a lot of insight into what the compiler is doing by looking at it. Many people will also be familiar with a data structure called an abstract-syntax-tree, or AST, which is the way that the Java compiler represents your Java source code while compiling.įewer people will be aware that there’s another key data structure used at runtime to JIT compile Java programs to native code - the compiler intermediate representation, or the IR. Many people will know that when you use Java you compile your application using the javac compiler to a data structure called bytecode. At Shopify we’re using Graal to JIT compile Ruby to native code, using TruffleRuby, but this blog post is just about Java in order to keep things as simple as possible. ![]() Graal can also be used for other languages beyond Java, through the Truffle language implementation framework. It translates your Java program to machine code while it’s running. Graal is a new just-in-time, or JIT, compiler for the Java Virtual Machine, or JVM. Understanding Basic Graal Graphs Understanding Basic Graal Graphs Chris Seaton, 3 June 2020 ![]()
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